OPRA Exam Readiness & Diagnostic Assessment

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the first-pass effect in pharmacokinetics?

Accepted Answer

Extensive metabolism of a drug by the liver before reaching systemic circulation

Question 2

What is the primary mechanism of action for Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)?

Accepted Answer

Inhibition of the cyclooxygenase (COX) enzyme

Question 3

What is the recognised primary antidote for paracetamol (acetaminophen) toxicity/overdose?

Accepted Answer

N-acetylcysteine (NAC)

Question 4

Which class of medications is considered first-line pharmacological therapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus according to Australian guidelines?

Accepted Answer

Biguanides (e.g., Metformin)

OPRA Readiness Quiz